ବୋର୍ଡ ଅଫ୍ ସେକେଣ୍ଡାରୀ ଏଜୁକେସନ୍ (BSE Odisha) — ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ଅଧ୍ୟାୟ ମାଷ୍ଟର ନୋଟ୍ସ
ଶ୍ରେଣୀ: Class 9 | ବିଷୟ: English
ଅଧ୍ୟାୟ: Class9 Eng Ch01 The Priceless Gift
୧. ଅଧ୍ୟାୟର ସାରାଂଶ ଓ ମାଇଣ୍ଡ ମ୍ୟାପ୍ (Mind Map & Conceptual Architecture)
୧.୧. ଅଧ୍ୟାୟର ସାରାଂଶ (Deep Summary)
'The Priceless Gift' ଗଳ୍ପଟି ମାନବୀୟ ସମ୍ବେଦନଶୀଳତା, ତ୍ୟାଗ, ଆଶା ଏବଂ ସତ୍ୟ ଓ କରୁଣା ମଧ୍ୟରେ ଥିବା ଦ୍ୱନ୍ଦ୍ୱ ଉପରେ ଆଧାରିତ। ଗଳ୍ପଟି ଜଣେ ଭାରତୀୟ ଭଦ୍ରଲୋକ (ବର୍ଣ୍ଣନାକାର) ଏବଂ ଲଣ୍ଡନରେ ରହୁଥିବା ଏକ ଗରିବ ପରିବାର, ମାଗି ଓ ତା'ର ମା' ଶ୍ରୀମତୀ ବେଥୀଙ୍କ କାହାଣୀ ବର୍ଣ୍ଣନା କରେ।
ବର୍ଣ୍ଣନାକାର ଏକ ରେଷ୍ଟୁରାଣ୍ଟରେ ମାଗି ନାମକ ଏକ ଛୋଟ ଝିଅକୁ ଦେଖନ୍ତି, ଯିଏ ତାଙ୍କୁ ଜଣେ ଭାରତୀୟ କି ନୁହେଁ ବୋଲି କ୍ୟାସିଅରଙ୍କୁ ପଚାରୁଥିଲା। ମାଗିର ଦୁଃଖୀ ଆଖି ଓ ତା'ର କୌତୁହଳ ବର୍ଣ୍ଣନାକାରଙ୍କୁ ଆକର୍ଷିତ କରେ। ପରେ ସେ ଜାଣିବାକୁ ପାଆନ୍ତି ଯେ ମାଗି ଏକ ଗରିବ ପରିବାରର ଝିଅ ଏବଂ ସେ କେବଳ ଶନିବାର ଦିନ, ଯାହା ତା'ର ଦରମା ଦିନ, ରେଷ୍ଟୁରାଣ୍ଟକୁ ଆସେ।
ପରବର୍ତ୍ତୀ ଶନିବାର ଦିନ ବର୍ଣ୍ଣନାକାର ପୁଣି ସେହି ରେଷ୍ଟୁରାଣ୍ଟକୁ ଯାଇ ମାଗି ସହିତ କଥାବାର୍ତ୍ତା ଆରମ୍ଭ କରନ୍ତି। ମାଗି କୁହେ ଯେ ତା'ର ଭାଇ ଫ୍ରାଙ୍କି ଭାରତର ପଞ୍ଜାବରେ ଜଣେ ସୈନିକ ଭାବରେ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ କରୁଛି ଏବଂ ସେମାନେ ବହୁ ଦିନ ହେଲା ତା'ଠାରୁ କୌଣସି ଖବର ପାଇ ନାହାଁନ୍ତି। ତା'ର ମା' ଶ୍ରୀମତୀ ବେଥୀ ବହୁତ ଚିନ୍ତିତ ଅଛନ୍ତି। ବର୍ଣ୍ଣନାକାର ମାଗି ସହିତ ତା' ଘରକୁ ଯାଆନ୍ତି ଏବଂ ଶ୍ରୀମତୀ ବେଥୀଙ୍କୁ ଭେଟନ୍ତି, ଯିଏ କେକ୍ ତିଆରି କରି ବିକ୍ରି କରୁଥିଲେ। ଶ୍ରୀମତୀ ବେଥୀ ଭାରତ ବିଷୟରେ ପଚାରନ୍ତି ଏବଂ ଫ୍ରାଙ୍କି ପଠାଇଥିବା ଏକ ମୁଦି ଦେଖାନ୍ତି, ଯାହାକୁ ସେ ବିଶ୍ୱାସ କରୁଥିଲେ ଯେ ଏହା ଦୂରରେ ଥିବା ଲୋକଙ୍କୁ ଦେଖାଇପାରେ। ବର୍ଣ୍ଣନାକାର ସେମାନଙ୍କ ଆଶାକୁ ଭାଙ୍ଗିବାକୁ ଚାହିଁଲେ ନାହିଁ ଏବଂ ମୁଦିକୁ ଦେଖି ଫ୍ରାଙ୍କି ଭଲ ଅଛି ବୋଲି ଅଭିନୟ କଲେ।
କିଛି ମାସ ପରେ, ଫ୍ରାଙ୍କିଙ୍କ ଚିନ୍ତାରେ ଶ୍ରୀମତୀ ବେଥୀ ଗୁରୁତର ଭାବେ ଅସୁସ୍ଥ ହୋଇପଡ଼ିଲେ। ମାଗି ବର୍ଣ୍ଣନାକାରଙ୍କୁ ଅନୁରୋଧ କଲା ଯେ ସେ ତା'ର ମା'ଙ୍କୁ କୁହନ୍ତୁ ଯେ ଫ୍ରାଙ୍କି ଜୀବିତ ଅଛି ଏବଂ ଭଲ ଅଛି, ଯଦିଓ ଏହା ଏକ ମିଛ ହେବ। ବର୍ଣ୍ଣନାକାର, ନିଜର ନୈତିକ ଦ୍ୱନ୍ଦ୍ୱ ସତ୍ତ୍ୱେ, ଶ୍ରୀମତୀ ବେଥୀଙ୍କୁ ସାନ୍ତ୍ୱନା ଦେବା ପାଇଁ ଏହି ମିଛ କହିଲେ। ଏହା ଶ୍ରୀମତୀ ବେଥୀଙ୍କୁ ସୁସ୍ଥ ହେବାରେ ସାହାଯ୍ୟ କଲା।
ବର୍ଣ୍ଣନାକାର ଭାରତ ଫେରିବା ପୂର୍ବରୁ ଜାଣିବାକୁ ପାଇଲେ ଯେ ଫ୍ରାଙ୍କି ସୀମାରେ ଯୁଦ୍ଧରେ ମୃତ୍ୟୁବରଣ କରିଛି, ଏବଂ ଏହା ସେ ମିଛ କହିବାର କିଛି ଦିନ ପୂର୍ବରୁ ଘଟିଥିଲା। ସେ ଶ୍ରୀମତୀ ବେଥୀଙ୍କୁ ସାମ୍ନା କରିବାକୁ ଲଜ୍ଜିତ ହେଲେ ଏବଂ ତାଙ୍କୁ ଏକ ଚିଠି ଲେଖି ବିଦାୟ ଜଣାଇଲେ। ତାଙ୍କର ଯିବା ଦିନ, ମାଗି ତାଙ୍କୁ ବିଦାୟ ଜଣାଇବାକୁ ଆସିଲା। ସେ କହିଲା ଯେ ଫ୍ରାଙ୍କିକୁ ସୀମା ନିକଟରେ ସମାଧି ଦିଆଯାଇଛି। ମାଗି ତାଙ୍କୁ ଏକ ଶିଲିଂ (ପୁରୁଣା ବ୍ରିଟିଶ ମୁଦ୍ରା) ଦେଲା ଏବଂ ଅନୁରୋଧ କଲା ଯେ ସେ ଭାରତରେ ଫ୍ରାଙ୍କିର କବର ଉପରେ ଫୁଲ ଚଢ଼ାଇ ଦିଅନ୍ତୁ। ବର୍ଣ୍ଣନାକାର ମାଗିର ଏହି ତ୍ୟାଗରେ ଗଭୀର ଭାବେ ପ୍ରଭାବିତ ହେଲେ। ସେ ଶିଲିଂଟିକୁ ଗ୍ରହଣ କଲେ ଏବଂ ତା'ର ଅନୁରୋଧ ପୂରଣ କରିବାକୁ ପ୍ରତିଜ୍ଞା କଲେ। ଏହି ଶିଲିଂଟି, ଯାହା ମାଗିର ସମସ୍ତ ସଞ୍ଚୟ ଥିଲା, ତା'ର ଭାଇ ପ୍ରତି ଥିବା ଅସୀମ ପ୍ରେମ ଏବଂ ତ୍ୟାଗ ଯୋଗୁଁ "ମୂଲ୍ୟବାନ ଉପହାର" (Priceless Gift) ଥିଲା।
୧.୨. ଅଧ୍ୟାୟର ମୁଖ୍ୟ ଉଦ୍ଦେଶ୍ୟ (Core Objectives)
୧.୩. ମାଇଣ୍ଡ ମ୍ୟାପ୍ (Conceptual Architecture)
The Priceless Gift
│
├── I. Characters (ଚରିତ୍ର)
│ ├── Narrator (Mr. Gupta) - Observant, compassionate, moral dilemma
│ ├── Maggie - Young, sad, poverty-stricken, loving, sacrificing
│ ├── Mrs. Bethy - Old, widowed, anxious, hopeful, resilient mother
│ └── Franky - Maggie's brother, soldier, symbol of hope & grief
│
├── II. Setting (ପୃଷ୍ଠଭୂମି)
│ ├── London (Vegetarian restaurant, Maggie's home)
│ └── India (Punjab, frontier)
│
├── III. Plot Progression (ଘଟଣାକ୍ରମ)
│ ├── Part I: Initial Encounter
│ │ ├── Narrator in restaurant
│ │ ├── Maggie's curiosity about Indian gentleman
│ │ └── Narrator's aroused curiosity
│ ├── Part II: Developing Relationship
│ │ ├── Narrator meets Maggie again
│ │ ├── Learns about Franky (soldier in Punjab) & Mrs. Bethy's worry
│ │ ├── Visits Maggie's home, meets Mrs. Bethy
│ │ └── The 'miraculous' ring & false hope
│ ├── Part III: The Compassionate Lie
│ │ ├── Mrs. Bethy falls ill due to anxiety
│ │ ├── Maggie's plea to lie about Franky's well-being
│ │ ├── Narrator's moral dilemma (truth vs. kindness)
│ │ └── The lie brings Mrs. Bethy recovery
│ └── Part IV: The Priceless Sacrifice
│ ├── Narrator learns Franky died before the lie
│ ├── Shame & departure letter
│ ├── Maggie's farewell visit, wearing black
│ ├── Maggie's shilling for flowers on Franky's grave
│ └── Narrator accepts the 'priceless gift'
│
├── IV. Themes (ବିଷୟବସ୍ତୁ)
│ ├── Love & Sacrifice (Maggie's shilling, narrator's lie)
│ ├── Compassion & Empathy (Narrator's actions)
│ ├── Hope & Illusion (The ring, the lie)
│ ├── Poverty & Resilience (Maggie & Mrs. Bethy's struggle)
│ ├── Truth vs. Kindness (Narrator's dilemma)
│ └── The True Value of a Gift (Emotional over material)
│
└── V. Key Vocabulary (ମୁଖ୍ୟ ଶବ୍ଦାବଳୀ)
├── aroused, persisted, mysterious, poverty-stricken
├── opportunity, latch key, festivity, concentrate
├── miraculous, aggravated, in a fix, crystal
└── offences, welled up, mourning, announcing, grave, gratitude, shilling, profusion, foregoing
୨. ମୁଖ୍ୟ ବିଷୟବସ୍ତୁ, ସିଦ୍ଧାନ୍ତ ଓ ଗାଣିତିକ ସୂତ୍ରାବଳୀ (Comprehensive Theory & Formulas)
୨.୧. ଚରିତ୍ର ବିଶ୍ଳେଷଣ (Character Analysis)
୨.୨. ବିଷୟବସ୍ତୁର ବିଶ୍ଳେଷଣ (Theme Analysis)
୨.୩. ମୁଖ୍ୟ ଶବ୍ଦାବଳୀ ଓ ବ୍ୟବହାର (Key Vocabulary and Usage)
୨.୪. ବ୍ୟାକରଣଗତ ଧାରଣା (Grammar Concepts)
୨.୪.୧. Active and Passive Voice:
Passive voice ବ୍ୟବହାର କରିବା ସମୟରେ 'be' ର ଉପଯୁକ୍ତ Tense ସହିତ ମୁଖ୍ୟ verb ର Past Participle (PP) ବ୍ୟବହାର କରାଯାଏ।
| Tense (କାଳ) | Form (ରୂପ) | Examples in the passive (ଉଦାହରଣ) |
|---|---|---|
| Simple Present | is/am/are + PP | My hands are covered with foam. |
| Present Progressive | is/am/are + being + PP | It is being repaired at the moment. |
| Present Perfect | has/have + been + PP | It has been kept very neatly in that envelope. |
| Simple Past | was/were + PP | Maggie's face was filled with gratitude. |
| Past Progressive | was/were + being + PP | A letter was being written to her. |
| Past Perfect | had + been + PP | Some of the chairs and tables had been pushed into corners. |
| Future Time | shall/will + be + PP | All kinds of things will be sold in the night. |
| Referring to Future in past | would + be + PP | The grief in her heart would be eased a little. |
Note: Present Perfect Progressive ଏବଂ Past Perfect Progressive ର Passive Voice ବହୁତ କମ୍ ବ୍ୟବହାର କରାଯାଏ।
୨.୪.୨. Word Formation (Derivation and Compound Words):
୩. ପାଠ୍ୟପୁସ୍ତକ ଅଭ୍ୟାସ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନାବଳୀର ୧୦୦% ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ସମାଧାନ (100% Complete Solved Exercises)
D. Let's understand the text:
Q1. What did the writer experience in the restaurant ?
Ans: The writer experienced that the vegetarian restaurant was very crowded. He saw that some of the chairs and tables had been pushed into a corner.
Q2. What did he notice there?
Ans: He noticed a very young girl looking at him. Her eyes were large and they had a sad expression.
Q3. What was the writer's first impression of the girl?
Ans: The writer's first impression of the girl was that she had large eyes and a sad expression.
Q4. What made the writer surprised ?
Ans: The writer was surprised when the girl, as she was going out, asked the cashier in a low voice, 'Is that gentleman an Indian ?'
Q5. Why did he enquire from the cashier ?
Ans: He enquired from the cashier because the girl's interest in him had aroused his curiosity. He wanted to know more about her.
Q6. What information did he get from the cashier ?
Ans: From the cashier, he got the information that the girl had lunch there on Saturdays only, which was pay day, and that she probably did not earn much.
Q7. Where did the writer go on the next Saturday?
Ans: On the next Saturday, the writer went to the same restaurant.
Q8. Why did he arrange the chair opposite hers ?
Ans: He arranged the chair opposite hers to start a conversation with her.
Q9. What query did the girl make about the writer ?
Ans: The girl asked the writer, 'Are you an Indian ? My brother is in India. He is a soldier. We have not had a letter from him for a long time. My mother is very worried. She is afraid something has happened to him.'
Q10. What impression did the writer have about the family of the girl ?
Ans: The writer had the impression that the girl's family was poverty-stricken and anxious, especially about her brother Franky who was a soldier in India.
Q11. How was the writer treated at Maggie's house ? Who was there to welcome him?
Ans: At Maggie's house, the writer was treated with warmth. Maggie introduced him to her mother, Mrs. Bethy, who was there to welcome him.
Q12. What was Mrs. Bethy doing when the writer met her? Why was she unwilling to go for a handshake ?
Ans: When the writer met her, Mrs. Bethy was baking cakes. She was unwilling to go for a handshake because her hands were covered with flour.
Q13. Why did the girl usually visit the restaurant on Saturdays ?
Ans: The girl usually visited the restaurant on Saturdays because it was pay day, and perhaps she did not earn much, so she could only afford to eat there on that specific day.
Q14. What did Mrs. Betty believe about the ring?
Ans: Mrs. Bethy believed that if one concentrated on a distant person while gazing into the ring, they would be able to see that person and what they were doing. She thought it was a miraculous thing.
Q15. What made the author to tell a lie about the ring ?
Ans: The author told a lie about the ring because he did not have the heart to shatter the mother and daughter's dream and hope. He saw their deep anxiety and wanted to console them.
Q16. Did the telling of a lie benefit Mrs. Bethy?
Ans: Yes, the telling of a lie greatly benefited Mrs. Bethy. It brought her immense happiness and relief, which helped her recover from her serious illness caused by anxiety.
Q17. Why did the writer feel guilty about himself?
Ans: The writer felt guilty about himself because he had told Mrs. Bethy that Franky was alive and well, only to later discover that Franky had actually been killed in fighting some days before he had told her that lie. He felt he had given her false hope.
Q18. What was Maggie's gift to the writer ?
Ans: Maggie's gift to the writer was a shilling, which she took out of her pocket.
Q19. Why was it a priceless gift ?
Ans: It was a priceless gift because it represented Maggie's deep love for her brother and her immense sacrifice. It was all she had, earned with toil, and she gave it to honor her brother's memory, showing profound gratitude and affection. Its value was emotional, not monetary.
Q20. Did Maggie love her brother dearly ? Give reasons.
Ans: Yes, Maggie loved her brother dearly.
Reasons:
1. She was very anxious about him, asking the cashier if the writer was Indian because her brother was in India.
2. She expressed her mother's deep worry about not receiving letters from him.
3. She desperately asked the writer to lie to her sick mother about Franky being alive and well, just to save her mother.
4. She saved a shilling, earned with toil, and gave it to the writer to buy flowers for her brother's grave, showing her profound love and respect.
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E. Let's understand the text better :
Q1. Why did the writer choose the corner table in the restaurant ?
Ans: The writer chose the corner table in the restaurant because it was very crowded, and some chairs and tables had been pushed into a corner. He likely sought a relatively quieter spot or simply found that table available.
Q2. How did the writer start a conversation with the young girl ?
Ans: The writer started a conversation with the young girl by first wishing her a good afternoon. Then, by making one brief remark after another, he was able to gradually engage her in conversation.
Q3. How could the writer guess the girl to be poverty-stricken ?
Ans: The writer could guess the girl to be poverty-stricken based on the information from the waiter. The waiter told him that she only came to the restaurant on Saturdays, which was pay day, and that she probably did not earn much. Her sad and anxious figure also suggested hardship.
Q4. Which of the following do you think the author will talk about after meeting the girl ?
(a) Meeting the girl again
(b) Enquiring about her nature of work
(c) about her family
(d) all the above.
Ans: (d) all the above.
Explanation: The author's curiosity was deeply aroused by the girl. He would naturally want to meet her again, learn about her work, and understand her family's situation, especially after her query about him being Indian and her brother being a soldier.
Q5. 'I was moved by what he said'. What impression did the writer get about the girl ?
Ans: When the waiter said that Maggie only came on pay day and probably didn't earn much, the writer was moved. He got the impression that the girl was poverty-stricken, struggling, and carried a burden of anxiety, which was reflected in her sad expression. He felt a strong urge to help her.
Q6. What impression did the girl have on India?
Ans: The girl (and her mother) initially had a rather fearful impression of India. Mrs. Bethy asked if it was safe to live in, expressing concern about too many snakes and tigers that kill people. However, she also believed Punjab was a fine and healthy place, as told by the narrator.
Q7. 'Will it be too much of a lie'? Why did the girl say so ?
Ans: The girl said, 'Will it be too much of a lie?' because her mother, Mrs. Bethy, was gravely ill due to anxiety about Franky. Maggie was desperate for anything that could console her mother and aid her recovery. She hoped that a positive, albeit false, report about Franky from an Indian gentleman would provide the necessary emotional relief, even if it meant telling a lie. She was weighing the moral implications against her mother's life.
Q8. Why did the writer feel ashamed to face Mrs. Bethy at the time of his return to India ?
Ans: The writer felt ashamed to face Mrs. Bethy because he had previously told her a compassionate lie that her son Franky was alive and well, which had helped her recover. However, he later discovered that Franky had actually been killed in action some days before he had told Mrs. Bethy that lie. He felt he had given her false hope and could not bear to face her knowing the tragic truth.
Q9. Why was the shilling Maggie presented to the writer was an invaluable offering?
Ans: The shilling Maggie presented to the writer was an invaluable offering because its value was not monetary but deeply emotional and symbolic. It was all the money she had, earned through hard work and toil, representing her entire savings. She offered it out of profound love for her deceased brother, wishing for flowers to be laid on his grave. This act of selfless sacrifice, love, and gratitude made the small coin priceless, far exceeding any material worth.
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F. Let's learn some words :
(A) Fill in the gaps using the appropriate form in each sentence :
1. There is an expression of anger on his face. (express)
2. He made his departure from the scene after a dialogue. (depart)
3. She performed well at her first opportunity. (opportune)
4. She showed a curiosity for my past life. (curious)
5. I had a conversation with my friend. (converse)
6. You need a lot of concentration on the subject to understand it perfectly. (concentrate)
(B) Look at the following dialogues carefully and write them in the correct sequence as they occur in the story.
The correct sequence is:
1. 'Excuse me, my hands are covered with flour?' (4)
2. 'What kind of country is India, Sir ?' (8)
3. 'My son is in the Punjab. He is a soldier'. (5)
4. 'Are you an Indian ? My brother is in India'. (7)
5. 'May I know your name?' (6)
6. 'Show Mr. Gupta the ring which your brother sent you'. (9)
7. 'Mrs. Bethy, your son is alive. He is well'. (10)
8. 'Are you leaving today? she asked. (2)
9. 'When I go to that part of the country / I shall visit your brother's grave and write to you.' (3)
10. 'How can I ever thank you?' she said. (1)
(C) Fill in the gaps choosing the appropriate adjectives.
(i) I hope that some miraculous change will occur.
(ii) The children have good appetite.
(iii) There was some sad news for the child.
(iv) She suffered from a serious illness.
(v) He leads a virtuous life all the time.
(vi) He started with a brief description of the subject.
(vii) He attends every weekly meeting.
(viii) Ramesh is the only child of his father.
(D) Compound adjectives are beautifully formed with the adding of noun with participle. One of such compound adjectives is used in the text. i.e., poverty-stricken.
1. She was wearing the old moth-eaten cloth.
2. She was heartbroken to receive the news.
3. The child is completely ill and bed-ridden.
4. The toy on the table is handmade.
5. The Government helped the poverty-stricken peasants.
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G. Let's learn use of language : Active and Passive Voice.
1. Supply the correct form of the verb to fill in the gaps in the following narration.
When the match was coming to an end I was told (tell) by my father to leave the stadium quickly to attend to my cousin at the hospital where he was brought (bring) by an ambulance. I was shocked (shock) to hear this. An auto rickshaw was arranged (arrange) and I reached the hospital and then to the ward in no time. I saw that my cousin was bandaged (bandage) and was lying on the bed with a saline hanging on a stand beside the bed. The nurse told me he was injected (inject) with antibiotics.
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H. Let's write :
Fill in the omitted dialogues.
Teacher : Deepak. Please come here if you have finished writing.
Deepak : Sir, it is over.
Teacher : Give me your copy. (demand the copy)
Deepak : Here is my copy. Sir, the question was difficult.
Teacher : Why was it difficult? (enquiring)
Deepak : Yes Sir, we were taught this subject twice. But I was confused.
Teacher : (Checking the note) Deepak, this answer is not correct. (or similar, indicating an error)
Deepak : Sir, this sentence was actually told by you.
Teacher : It is just and true. (or similar, acknowledging truth)
Deepak : Sir, I remember your words.
Rome was not built in a day.
୪. ବୋର୍ଡ ପରୀକ୍ଷା ମାଷ୍ଟ୍ରି ଟିପ୍ସ ଓ ସାଧାରଣ ଭୁଲ୍ (Board Exam Tips & Pitfalls)
୪.୧. ବୋର୍ଡ ପରୀକ୍ଷା ପାଇଁ ପ୍ରସ୍ତୁତି ରଣନୀତି (Exam Preparation Strategies)
୪.୨. ୧୦୦/୧୦୦ ସ୍କୋର କରିବାର ରହସ୍ୟ (100/100 Scoring Secrets)
୪.୩. ସାଧାରଣ ଭୁଲ୍ (Common Pitfalls)
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(ନୋଟ୍ସ ପ୍ରସ୍ତୁତି: ଉତ୍କଳ ସ୍କିଲ୍ ସେଣ୍ଟର - BSE Odisha 100% Full Textbook Master Edition)
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