ବୋର୍ଡ ଅଫ୍ ସେକେଣ୍ଡାରୀ ଏଜୁକେସନ୍ (BSE Odisha) — ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ଅଧ୍ୟାୟ ମାଷ୍ଟର ନୋଟ୍ସ
ଶ୍ରେଣୀ: Class 9 | ବିଷୟ: English
ଅଧ୍ୟାୟ: Class9 Eng Ch05 A Hero
୧. ଅଧ୍ୟାୟର ସାରାଂଶ ଓ ମାଇଣ୍ଡ ମ୍ୟାପ୍ (Mind Map & Conceptual Architecture)
୧.୧. ଅଧ୍ୟାୟର ଗଭୀର ସାରାଂଶ (Deep Summary of the Chapter)
"A Hero" is a captivating short story by R.K. Narayan, which delves into the themes of courage, fear, and the unexpected ways in which heroism can manifest. The protagonist, Swami, is a young, imaginative, and rather timid boy who lives with his family. The story begins with Swami's father reading a newspaper report about a brave village lad who fought off a tiger. This news sparks a debate between Swami and his father about the true nature of courage.
Swami's father, a stern and practical man, believes that courage is paramount and that strength and age are secondary. To instill courage in Swami and challenge his timidity, he proposes that Swami sleep alone in his office room that night, instead of his usual spot beside his granny in the passage. This proposition fills Swami with dread. He tries various tactics to avoid the challenge – feigning enthusiasm about a cricket club, pleading about scorpions and dust in the office, and even asking for a lamp or an open door. However, his father remains unyielding, emphasizing the importance of overcoming fear and cultivating good habits.
Left alone in the dark office room, Swami's imagination runs wild. He recalls all the ghost and devil stories he has heard, and every rustle, tick, and hum in the silence amplifies his fear. He feels utterly cut off from humanity, pained and angry at his father's perceived cruelty. He even wishes the tiger in the newspaper report hadn't spared the boy, whom he now imagines as a monster for causing his predicament. Overwhelmed by terror, he crawls under a bench, wrapping himself tightly in a blanket, hoping for safety.
As the night progresses, Swami drifts into a fitful sleep, plagued by terrifying nightmares of a tiger chasing him. He wakes up with a start, still disoriented and gripped by fear. In the semi-darkness, he perceives a moving figure near the furniture. His mind, still reeling from nightmares and ghost stories, immediately concludes it's a devil. In a desperate act of self-preservation, he lunges at the figure, biting it with all his might.
The figure lets out an agonized cry, followed by a heavy thud as it tumbles amidst the furniture. The commotion alerts Swami's father, the cook, and a servant, who rush in with a light. To their surprise, they find a notorious house-breaker lying injured, bitten by Swami. The burglar is apprehended, and Swami, much to his own astonishment, is hailed as a hero.
The next day, Swami receives accolades from his classmates, teacher, and even the police inspector, who suggests he join the police force. Swami, though polite, secretly dreams of being an engine driver or bus conductor. When his father returns home that evening, he learns that Swami is already asleep, back in his usual spot beside his granny. His mother, protective of Swami, expresses her anger at his father for risking Swami's life. Swami's father, though initially annoyed, eventually gives in, realizing the impact of his challenge. Swami, overhearing this from under his blanket, feels immense relief.
The story beautifully illustrates how courage can sometimes be an accidental outcome of extreme fear, and how perceptions of heroism can be shaped by circumstances. Swami, who was initially a coward, becomes a hero not through deliberate bravery, but through an instinctual act driven by terror.
୧.୨. ମୁଖ୍ୟ ଉଦ୍ଦେଶ୍ୟ (Core Objectives)
୧.୩. ଧାରଣାଗତ ମାଇଣ୍ଡ ମ୍ୟାପ୍ (Conceptual Mind Map)
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"A HERO" (R.K. Narayan)
୧. ଚରିତ୍ର (Characters) ୨. ପ୍ଲଟ୍ (Plot) ୩. ବିଷୟବସ୍ତୁ (Themes)
୧.୧. ସ୍ୱାମୀ (Swami) ୨.୧. ଆରମ୍ଭ (Beginning) ୩.୧. ସାହସ ବନାମ ଭୟ (Courage vs. Fear)
୧.୨. ପିତା (Father) ୨.୨. ମଧ୍ୟଭାଗ (Middle) ୩.୨. ପିତାମାତାଙ୍କ ପ୍ରଭାବ (Parental Influence)
୧.୩. ଜେଜେମା' (Granny) - ଭୟଙ୍କର ସ୍ୱପ୍ନ ଓ ଭ୍ରମ (Devils, ghosts) ୩.୩. ବିଡମ୍ବନା ଓ ହାସ୍ୟରସ (Irony & Humor)
୧.୪. ମାତା (Mother) ୨.୩. ଶେଷ (End) ୩.୪. ବୀରତ୍ୱର ପରିଭାଷା (Definition of Heroism)
୪. ଭାଷାଗତ ଦିଗ (Linguistic Aspects) ୫. ଶିକ୍ଷା (Lessons Learned)
୪.୧. ଶବ୍ଦାବଳୀ (Vocabulary) ୫.୧. ଭୟକୁ ସାମ୍ନା କରିବା (Facing Fear)
୪.୨. ବ୍ୟାକରଣ (Grammar) ୫.୨. ପରିସ୍ଥିତି ବୀର ସୃଷ୍ଟି କରେ (Circumstances Make Heroes)
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୨. ମୁଖ୍ୟ ବିଷୟବସ୍ତୁ, ସିଦ୍ଧାନ୍ତ ଓ ଗାଣିତିକ ସୂତ୍ରାବଳୀ (Comprehensive Theory & Formulas)
୨.୧. ଚରିତ୍ର ବିଶ୍ଳେଷଣ (Character Analysis)
୨.୨. ମୁଖ୍ୟ ବିଷୟବସ୍ତୁ (Key Themes)
୨.୩. ଶବ୍ଦାବଳୀ (Vocabulary)
The chapter introduces several useful words. Here's an expanded glossary:
୨.୪. ବ୍ୟାକରଣ: ପ୍ରତ୍ୟକ୍ଷ ଓ ପରୋକ୍ଷ ଉକ୍ତି (Grammar: Direct and Indirect Speech)
Direct Speech: When we repeat the actual words of a speaker without making any changes, placing them within quotation marks.
Indirect Speech (Reported Speech): When we give the exact meaning of a remark or a speech without necessarily using the speaker's exact words.
Key Rules for Converting Direct to Indirect Speech:
1. Quotation Marks: Remove quotation marks.
2. Reporting Verb: The reporting verb (e.g., 'said') is often followed by 'that' in statements.
3. Pronoun Changes: Pronouns change according to the speaker and listener.
4. Tense Changes (when reporting verb is in past tense):
5. Time and Place Expressions:
6. Questions:
7. Imperative Sentences (Commands/Requests):
୩. ପାଠ୍ୟପୁସ୍ତକ ଅଭ୍ୟାସ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନାବଳୀର ୧୦୦% ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ସମାଧାନ (100% Complete Solved Exercises)
D. Let's understand the text :
Q1. Swami was very much interested in the newspaper report about the brave village boy. What were Swami's views?
Ans: Swami was not interested in the newspaper report in the way his father was. He was rather skeptical and thought that the boy who fought the tiger must have been a very strong and grown-up person, not at all a boy. He questioned how a boy could fight a tiger. He believed that courage alone was not enough without strength.
Q2. Why did Swami's father want him to sleep alone?
Ans: Swami's father wanted him to sleep alone to prove his courage and to teach him to overcome his fear. He believed that courage was everything, and strength and age were not important. He wanted Swami to cultivate good habits and not be afraid of darkness or sleeping alone like a baby.
Q3. How did Swami react to his father's proposal to sleep alone?
Ans: Swami reacted with fright and tried to change the subject. He mumbled weakly, "Yes," but then enthusiastically talked about their cricket club and new bats and balls, hoping to distract his father. When his father insisted, Swami tried to make excuses, saying the office room was dusty and might have scorpions. He also pleaded for a lamp to be burning and the door to be left open. He was trembling and awake all night at the thought of it.
Q4. How did Swami feel when he was left alone in his father's office at night?
Ans: When Swami was left alone in his father's office at night, he felt utterly cut off from humanity. He was pained and angry, seeing a strain of cruelty in his father's nature. He was filled with fright, remembering all the stories of devils and ghosts he had heard. Every sound, like the ticking of the clock or the rustling of leaves, amplified his terror. He felt desperate and covered himself completely with a blanket.
Q5. What kind of dreams did he have while he was sleeping there?
Ans: While sleeping in the office room, Swami had terrible dreams. He dreamt that a tiger was chasing him. His feet were stuck to the ground, and he tried hard to escape but couldn't move. He could hear the tiger's claws scratching the ground behind him.
Q6. Why did he wake up?
Ans: Swami woke up because he was having a frightening dream about a tiger chasing him. The dream was so vivid and terrifying that it made him groan in despair and eventually wake up.
Q7. What made Swami desperate?
Ans: Swami became desperate when he woke up from his nightmare and, in the semi-darkness, saw something moving down. His mind, still clouded by fear and ghost stories, immediately concluded it was a devil. He believed his end had come and that the devil would pull him out and tear him to shreds. This belief made him desperate.
Q8. What made him attack the burglar?
Ans: Swami attacked the burglar out of extreme fear and desperation. He mistook the moving figure in the dark for a devil or a monster from his nightmares. In a desperate attempt to save himself, he crawled out from under the bench, hugged the figure with all his might, and bit it like a mortal weapon. It was an instinctive act of self-preservation, not deliberate courage.
Q9. Suppose you were asked to describe Swami in a few words, how would you do it? Write the most appropriate answer.
a) Young, strong and brave.
b) Well-behaved and polite.
c) Disobedient, disrespectful and naughty.
d) Clever but not courageous.
Ans: d) Clever but not courageous. (Initially, he was not courageous, but he was clever in trying to avoid the situation. His bravery was accidental.)
Q10. What did Swami dream in the office?
a) The devils came up and clutched at his throat.
b) A tiger chased him and he tried hard to escape but couldn't.
c) As a devil came nearer he put his arms around the devil and held tightly.
Ans: b) A tiger chased him and he tried hard to escape but couldn't.
E. Let's understand the text better :
(i) Discuss how Swami felt being forced to sleep alone.
Ans: Swami felt extremely terrified and miserable about being forced to sleep alone. He was accustomed to sleeping beside his granny, and the thought of being in the dark office room by himself filled him with dread. He tried to avoid it by making excuses, pleading, and even attempting to distract his father. Once alone, he felt cut off from humanity, angry at his father, and constantly imagined devils, ghosts, and scorpions. His fear was so intense that he had nightmares and mistook a burglar for a devil.
(ii) How would you feel if you were made to sleep alone in a room? Do you share Swami's feelings?
Ans: (This is a personal response, but here's a sample answer reflecting Swami's feelings)
If I were made to sleep alone in a room, especially one I wasn't used to, I would likely feel a mix of apprehension and fear, similar to Swami. The darkness can play tricks on the mind, and every unfamiliar sound might seem menacing. I would probably share Swami's initial reluctance and his attempts to find excuses. The feeling of being vulnerable and isolated in the dark is a common human fear, so it's easy to empathize with Swami's terror and his vivid imagination conjuring up frightful images.
(iii) How did Swami feel in the darkness?
Ans: In the darkness, Swami felt utterly overwhelmed by fear. His imagination ran wild, bringing to mind all the ghost and devil stories he had ever heard. He perceived every sound – the ticking of the clock, the rustling of leaves, the snoring, the humming of insects – as a potential threat. He felt isolated and vulnerable, convinced that devils were lurking to clutch at his throat or carry him away. He covered himself completely with a blanket, seeking refuge from the perceived dangers of the dark.
(iv) Discuss Swami's response to the movement in the darkness.
Ans: Swami's response to the movement in the darkness was one of extreme panic and desperation. Having just woken from a terrifying nightmare about a tiger and being consumed by fear of devils and ghosts, his mind was not rational. When he saw a moving figure, he immediately concluded it was a devil coming to tear him to shreds. In a primal, instinctive act of self-preservation, driven by sheer terror, he lunged at the figure, hugged it tightly, and bit it with all his might, mistaking it for the supernatural entity he feared.
(v) Was Swami really courageous? What did people think about him?
Ans: Swami was not really courageous in the conventional sense. His act of attacking the burglar was not a deliberate display of bravery but an instinctive reaction born out of extreme fear and confusion, as he mistook the burglar for a devil.
However, people thought he was very courageous. His classmates looked at him with respect, his teacher patted his back, and the headmaster called him a "true scout." The police inspector even suggested he join the police force, grateful for his help in catching a notorious house-breaker. They perceived his action as a brave and heroic deed.
(vi) "Courage is everything, strength and age are not important"
Ans: This statement reflects Swami's father's philosophy. He believes that true courage is a mental attribute, a strength of will that allows one to face challenges and overcome fear, irrespective of physical prowess or maturity. He argues that a physically strong person can still be a coward, while a weak or young person, if courageous, can achieve anything. For him, courage is the fundamental quality that enables action and resilience, making physical attributes secondary. He uses this belief to challenge Swami, aiming to instill this mental fortitude in his son.
F. Let's learn some new words :
Rewrite each sentence using the appropriate form of the word in brackets.
1. The plan of action suggested by the students was not accepted by the headmaster. (proposition)
Ans: The proposition suggested by the students was not accepted by the headmaster.
2. The child spoke in an unclear manner which her mother couldn't hear. (mumble)
Ans: The child mumbled in a manner which her mother couldn't hear.
3. My friend sleeps in a separate room because he breathes noisily while asleep (snore).
Ans: My friend sleeps in a separate room because he snores.
4. The patient's painful condition affected everyone (agonize).
Ans: The patient's painful condition agonized everyone.
5. The boy was not prepared and so did not want to take the examination. (hesitate)
Ans: The boy was not prepared and so hesitated to take the examination.
6. The low continuous sound of the bee adds charm to the garden. (humming)
Ans: The humming of the bee adds charm to the garden.
7. The surface of my car was damaged due to the accident. (scratch)
Ans: The surface of my car was scratched due to the accident.
Now read these sentences :-
1. "How could a boy fight a tiger?"
2. Any change in this arrangement kept him trembling
'Fight' in sentence 1 is a verb.
'Change' in sentence 2 is a noun.
Read the story again and pick out ten such words. Then use each word in two different sentences of your own mentioning ‘noun use' and 'verb use'.
Ans:
Here are ten words from the story that can function as both noun and verb:
1. Fight
2. Change
3. Sleep
4. Look
5. Talk
6. Dream
7. Scratch
8. Thud
9. Bite
10. Call
G. Let's Learn Language :
Turn the following statements into indirect speech.
(i) Father said, "I don't at all like the way you are being brought up".
Ans: Father said that he didn't at all like the way Swami was being brought up.
(ii) "If you do it, mind you, I will make you the laughing stock of your school."
Ans: Father warned Swami that if he did it, he would make him the laughing stock of his school.
2. Questions :
Look at the following sentence.
Granny pleaded, "why do you disturb him?”
In Indirect speech the question will be “Granny asked father why he disturbed Swami.
Report the following dialogue.
"Let me sleep in the hall, father" Swami pleaded. "Your office room is very dusty and there may be scorpions behind your law books".
"There are no scorpions, little fellow. Sleep on the bench if you like”.
"Can I have a lamp burning in the room?”
"No. You must learn not to be afraid of darkness. It is only a question of habit. You must cultivate good habits".
"Will you at least leave the door open?"
"All right. But promise you will not roll up your bed and go to your granny's side at night".
Ans:
Swami pleaded with his father to let him sleep in the hall, explaining that his office room was very dusty and there might be scorpions behind his law books.
His father replied that there were no scorpions, little fellow, and told him to sleep on the bench if he liked.
Swami then asked if he could have a lamp burning in the room.
His father refused, stating that he must learn not to be afraid of darkness, as it was only a question of habit, and that he must cultivate good habits.
Swami then asked if he would at least leave the door open.
His father agreed but made him promise that he would not roll up his bed and go to his granny's side at night.
H. Let's write :
Q1. In the story you read Swami was asked by his father to sleep alone in his office room at night.
Imagine that you are Swami and give an account of what followed from your point of view.
Begin: It was a terrible experience. Father told me to sleep in the office room alone to do away with fear. Till then I always used to......
You may like to end with : My fear for darkness remained unchanged and I still had the habit of sleeping with granny. But the incident made me a hero overnight.
Ans:
It was a terrible experience. Father told me to sleep in the office room alone to do away with fear. Till then I always used to sleep beside my dear granny, feeling safe and warm. The thought of sleeping alone in that dark, dusty office room sent shivers down my spine. I tried everything – talking about cricket, complaining about scorpions, begging for a lamp, an open door – but Father was unyielding. He just sneered and said courage was everything. I felt so angry and betrayed, especially by that newspaper report about the tiger boy. I wished that tiger had eaten him!
When I was finally left alone, the darkness swallowed me whole. Every shadow seemed to dance, every creak of the house sounded like a monster approaching. My mind raced, recalling all the terrifying tales of devils and ghosts Mani and I had ever heard. I imagined them lurking in every corner, waiting to pounce. I crawled under the bench, pulling my blanket over my head like a shield, trying to disappear. But even then, the sounds of the night – the clock ticking, the leaves rustling, Father's snoring – turned into menacing whispers.
I must have drifted off into a nightmare, because suddenly I was running from a tiger, my feet stuck, its claws scratching right behind me. I woke up with a gasp, my heart pounding like a drum. The room was still dark, but then I saw it – a shadowy figure moving slowly towards me. My blood ran cold. It wasn't a tiger, but it was definitely a devil, just like in the stories! It was coming to get me, to tear me to shreds. Desperation surged through me. I couldn't just lie there and wait. With a scream trapped in my throat, I lunged out from under the bench, grabbed the moving thing, and bit it with all my might, like a mad dog.
Then came an agonized cry, a heavy thud, and suddenly, lights! Father, the cook, and the servant rushed in. To my utter shock, it wasn't a devil, but a burglar, lying on the floor, groaning and holding his ankle. I had bitten a real person! The police came, and everyone started calling me a hero. My classmates looked at me with respect, my teacher patted my back, and even the headmaster praised me. The inspector asked me to join the police!
But honestly, my fear for darkness remained unchanged and I still had the habit of sleeping with granny. I was relieved when Mother scolded Father for risking my life. I heard him mumble about pampering me, but I knew I was safe back in my passage. But the incident made me a hero overnight, even if it was by accident.
Q2. Write a citation (a statement about someone's character or brave actions) to be read out on the occasion of the award giving ceremony in honour of a brave young man of your locality who has been selected for the "Bravery Award" by the government.
Ans:
CITATION FOR THE "BRAVERY AWARD"
Honoring Shri [Name of the Young Man]
Respected dignitaries, esteemed guests, ladies and gentlemen,
It is with immense pride and profound admiration that we gather today to bestow the prestigious "Bravery Award" upon a remarkable young man from our very own locality, Shri [Name of the Young Man]. This award, presented by the Government, recognizes individuals who have demonstrated exceptional courage, selflessness, and an unwavering spirit in the face of adversity.
Today, we celebrate Shri [Name of the Young Man], a true embodiment of these virtues. On the fateful evening of [Date of Incident], our community faced a grave danger when [briefly describe the incident, e.g., a massive fire broke out in the residential complex / a child fell into the raging river / a dangerous criminal attempted a robbery]. While many were paralyzed by fear and uncertainty, Shri [Name of the Young Man], without a moment's hesitation and with complete disregard for his own safety, sprang into action.
[Describe his brave actions in detail, e.g., "He bravely entered the burning building, navigating through thick smoke and intense heat, to rescue an elderly couple trapped inside. His quick thinking and physical strength were instrumental in bringing them to safety, just moments before the structure collapsed." OR "Witnessing the child struggling against the strong currents, he immediately plunged into the treacherous waters. With incredible determination and swimming prowess, he battled the river's fury and brought the child back to shore, saving a precious life." OR "He confronted the armed assailant, displaying extraordinary presence of mind and courage, preventing a major loss and ensuring the safety of others present."]
Shri [Name of the Young Man]'s act was not merely a spontaneous reaction; it was a testament to his inherent character – his compassion, his sense of responsibility, and his profound courage. He has not only saved lives/prevented a disaster but has also inspired us all, reminding us that true heroism lies in the willingness to stand up and act when others cannot.
His bravery shines as a beacon of hope and an example for all young people in our community. We are incredibly fortunate to have such a courageous and selfless individual among us.
Therefore, on behalf of the entire community and the Government, it is my distinct honor to present the "Bravery Award" to Shri [Name of the Young Man], a true hero whose actions have etched his name in the annals of our local history.
Thank you.
୪. ବୋର୍ଡ ପରୀକ୍ଷା ମାଷ୍ଟ୍ରି ଟିପ୍ସ ଓ ସାଧାରଣ ଭୁଲ୍ (Board Exam Tips & Pitfalls)
୪.୧. ପରୀକ୍ଷା ପ୍ରସ୍ତୁତି ରଣନୀତି (Exam Preparation Strategies)
1. ଗଭୀର ପାଠ୍ୟପୁସ୍ତକ ଅଧ୍ୟୟନ (Deep Textbook Reading): ଅଧ୍ୟାୟଟିକୁ ଅତି କମରେ ୨-୩ ଥର ପଢ଼ନ୍ତୁ। ଏହାର କାହାଣୀ, ଚରିତ୍ର ଏବଂ ମୁଖ୍ୟ ବିଷୟବସ୍ତୁକୁ ଭଲ ଭାବରେ ବୁଝିବାକୁ ଚେଷ୍ଟା କରନ୍ତୁ।
2. ଚରିତ୍ର ବିଶ୍ଳେଷଣ (Character Analysis): ସ୍ୱାମୀ, ପିତା, ଜେଜେମା' ଏବଂ ମାତାଙ୍କ ଚରିତ୍ରଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ଭଲ ଭାବରେ ଅଧ୍ୟୟନ କରନ୍ତୁ। ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ଚରିତ୍ରର ଗୁଣ, ପ୍ରେରଣା ଏବଂ କାହାଣୀରେ ସେମାନଙ୍କର ଭୂମିକା ଉପରେ ଧ୍ୟାନ ଦିଅନ୍ତୁ।
3. ବିଷୟବସ୍ତୁର ବୁଝାମଣା (Understanding Themes): ସାହସ, ଭୟ, ପିତାମାତାଙ୍କ ପ୍ରଭାବ, ବିଡମ୍ବନା ଏବଂ ବୀରତ୍ୱର ପରିଭାଷା ଭଳି ମୁଖ୍ୟ ବିଷୟବସ୍ତୁଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ଗଭୀର ଭାବରେ ବୁଝନ୍ତୁ। ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ବିଷୟବସ୍ତୁ କାହାଣୀରେ କିପରି ପ୍ରତିଫଳିତ ହୋଇଛି, ତାହା ବିଶ୍ଳେଷଣ କରନ୍ତୁ।
4. ଶବ୍ଦାବଳୀର ଅଭ୍ୟାସ (Vocabulary Practice): ପାଠ୍ୟପୁସ୍ତକରେ ଦିଆଯାଇଥିବା ଗ୍ଲୋସାରୀ ଏବଂ ଅଧ୍ୟାୟରୁ ମିଳୁଥିବା ନୂତନ ଶବ୍ଦଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ମନେ ରଖନ୍ତୁ। ସେଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ନିଜ ବାକ୍ୟରେ ବ୍ୟବହାର କରି ଅଭ୍ୟାସ କରନ୍ତୁ।
5. ବ୍ୟାକରଣ ଅଭ୍ୟାସ (Grammar Practice): ପ୍ରତ୍ୟକ୍ଷ ଓ ପରୋକ୍ଷ ଉକ୍ତି (Direct and Indirect Speech) ନିୟମଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ଭଲ ଭାବରେ ବୁଝନ୍ତୁ ଏବଂ ଅଧିକରୁ ଅଧିକ ଅଭ୍ୟାସ କରନ୍ତୁ। ଏହି ବିଭାଗରୁ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନ ଆସିବାର ସମ୍ଭାବନା ଅଧିକ।
6. ପ୍ରଶ୍ନୋତ୍ତର ଅଭ୍ୟାସ (Question-Answer Practice): ଅନୁଶୀଳନୀରେ ଥିବା ସମସ୍ତ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନର ଉତ୍ତର ଲେଖି ଅଭ୍ୟାସ କରନ୍ତୁ। ଦୀର୍ଘ ଉତ୍ତରମୂଳକ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନ ପାଇଁ ଏକ ସୁସଂଗଠିତ ଢାଞ୍ଚା (introduction, body, conclusion) ବ୍ୟବହାର କରନ୍ତୁ।
7. ସମୟ ପରିଚାଳନା (Time Management): ପରୀକ୍ଷାରେ ସମୟ ପରିଚାଳନା ଅତ୍ୟନ୍ତ ଗୁରୁତ୍ୱପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ। ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନ ପାଇଁ ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦିଷ୍ଟ ସମୟ ବଣ୍ଟନ କରି ଅଭ୍ୟାସ କରନ୍ତୁ।
୪.୨. ୧୦୦/୧୦୦ ସ୍କୋରିଂ ରହସ୍ୟ (100/100 Scoring Secrets)
1. ସ୍ପଷ୍ଟତା ଓ ସଠିକତା (Clarity and Accuracy): ଉତ୍ତରଗୁଡ଼ିକ ସ୍ପଷ୍ଟ, ସଂକ୍ଷିପ୍ତ ଏବଂ ସଠିକ୍ ହେବା ଉଚିତ୍। ପ୍ରଶ୍ନର ମୂଳ ବିଷୟବସ୍ତୁକୁ ସିଧାସଳଖ ଉତ୍ତର ଦିଅନ୍ତୁ।
2. ଉନ୍ନତ ଶବ୍ଦାବଳୀ ଓ ବ୍ୟାକରଣ (Rich Vocabulary and Grammar): ଉତ୍ତରରେ ଉପଯୁକ୍ତ ଶବ୍ଦାବଳୀ ଏବଂ ସଠିକ୍ ବ୍ୟାକରଣ ବ୍ୟବହାର କରନ୍ତୁ। ଏହା ଆପଣଙ୍କ ଉତ୍ତରକୁ ଅଧିକ ପ୍ରଭାବଶାଳୀ କରିବ।
3. ସୁସଂଗଠିତ ଉତ୍ତର (Well-Structured Answers): ଦୀର୍ଘ ଉତ୍ତରମୂଳକ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନ ପାଇଁ, ଉତ୍ତରକୁ ପାରାଗ୍ରାଫରେ ବିଭକ୍ତ କରନ୍ତୁ ଏବଂ ଏକ ତର୍କସଙ୍ଗତ ପ୍ରବାହ ବଜାୟ ରଖନ୍ତୁ।
4. ପ୍ରତ୍ୟକ୍ଷ ଓ ପରୋକ୍ଷ ଉକ୍ତିରେ ନିପୁଣତା (Mastery in Reported Speech): ଏହି ବ୍ୟାକରଣ ବିଭାଗରେ ସମସ୍ତ ନିୟମକୁ ସଠିକ୍ ଭାବରେ ପ୍ରୟୋଗ କରିବା ଶିଖନ୍ତୁ। ଛୋଟ ଛୋଟ ଭୁଲ୍ ମାର୍କ କାଟିପାରେ।
5. ମୌଳିକତା ଓ ସୃଜନଶୀଳତା (Originality and Creativity): "Let's Write" ଭଳି ପ୍ରଶ୍ନରେ ନିଜର ମୌଳିକ ଚିନ୍ତାଧାରା ଏବଂ ସୃଜନଶୀଳତା ପ୍ରଦର୍ଶନ କରନ୍ତୁ। ଉତ୍ତରକୁ ଆକର୍ଷଣୀୟ କରିବା ପାଇଁ ଉପଯୁକ୍ତ ଶବ୍ଦ ଏବଂ ବାକ୍ୟ ଗଠନ ବ୍ୟବହାର କରନ୍ତୁ।
6. ପୁନରାବୃତ୍ତି ଓ ସଂଶୋଧନ (Revision and Review): ଉତ୍ତର ଲେଖିବା ପରେ, ବ୍ୟାକରଣ, ବନାନ ଏବଂ ବିରାମଚିହ୍ନରେ ଥିବା ଭୁଲ୍ଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ଯାଞ୍ଚ କରି ସଂଶୋଧନ କରନ୍ତୁ।
୪.୩. ସାଧାରଣ ଭୁଲ୍ (Common Pitfalls)
1. ପ୍ରଶ୍ନକୁ ଭୁଲ୍ ବୁଝିବା (Misinterpreting Questions): ଛାତ୍ରଛାତ୍ରୀମାନେ ଅନେକ ସମୟରେ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନକୁ ଭଲ ଭାବରେ ନ ପଢ଼ି ଉତ୍ତର ଲେଖିବା ଆରମ୍ଭ କରନ୍ତି, ଯାହା ଫଳରେ ଭୁଲ୍ ଉତ୍ତର ଦିଅନ୍ତି। ପ୍ରଶ୍ନକୁ ଅତି କମରେ ଦୁଇ ଥର ପଢ଼ନ୍ତୁ।
2. ବ୍ୟାକରଣଗତ ତ୍ରୁଟି (Grammatical Errors): ଟେନ୍ସ, ସବ୍ଜେକ୍ଟ-ଭର୍ବ ଏଗ୍ରିମେଣ୍ଟ, ପ୍ରୋନାଉନ୍ ବ୍ୟବହାର ଏବଂ ବିରାମଚିହ୍ନରେ ଭୁଲ୍ ସାଧାରଣତଃ ଦେଖାଯାଏ। ଏଗୁଡ଼ିକ ଉପରେ ବିଶେଷ ଧ୍ୟାନ ଦିଅନ୍ତୁ।
3. ପରୋକ୍ଷ ଉକ୍ତିରେ ଭୁଲ୍ (Errors in Reported Speech): ଟେନ୍ସ ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତନ, ପ୍ରୋନାଉନ୍ ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତନ, ଏବଂ ସମୟ/ସ୍ଥାନ ସୂଚକ ଶବ୍ଦର ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତନରେ ଭୁଲ୍ କରିବା ଏକ ସାଧାରଣ ଅଭ୍ୟାସ। ନିୟମଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ଭଲ ଭାବରେ ମନେ ରଖନ୍ତୁ।
4. ଅଧୁରା ଉତ୍ତର (Incomplete Answers): ପ୍ରଶ୍ନର ସମସ୍ତ ଅଂଶକୁ ଉତ୍ତର ନ ଦେବା। ଉଦାହରଣ ସ୍ୱରୂପ, ଯଦି ପ୍ରଶ୍ନରେ 'କିପରି' ଏବଂ 'କାହିଁକି' ଉଭୟ ପଚରାଯାଇଛି, ତେବେ ଉଭୟର ଉତ୍ତର ଦିଅନ୍ତୁ।
5. ବନାନଗତ ତ୍ରୁଟି (Spelling Mistakes): ଇଂରାଜୀରେ ବନାନଗତ ତ୍ରୁଟି ମାର୍କ କାଟିବାର ଏକ ମୁଖ୍ୟ କାରଣ। ନିୟମିତ ଭାବରେ ଲେଖି ଅଭ୍ୟାସ କରନ୍ତୁ।
6. କାହାଣୀର ମୁଖ୍ୟ ଭାବନାକୁ ନ ବୁଝିବା (Not Grasping the Core Message): କେବଳ କାହାଣୀର ଘଟଣାବଳୀକୁ ମନେ ରଖିବା ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତେ, ଏହାର ଗଭୀର ଅର୍ଥ ଏବଂ ଲେଖକଙ୍କ ବାର୍ତ୍ତାକୁ ବୁଝିବା ଜରୁରୀ।
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(ନୋଟ୍ସ ପ୍ରସ୍ତୁତି: ଉତ୍କଳ ସ୍କିଲ୍ ସେଣ୍ଟର - BSE Odisha 100% Full Textbook Master Edition)
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