ଅଧ୍ୟାୟ: Class9 Eng Ch10 Alexander Selkirk

BSE ODISHA CLASS 9 • UTKAL MASTER STROKE

ବୋର୍ଡ ଅଫ୍ ସେକେଣ୍ଡାରୀ ଏଜୁକେସନ୍ (BSE Odisha) — ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ଅଧ୍ୟାୟ ମାଷ୍ଟର ନୋଟ୍ସ

ଶ୍ରେଣୀ: Class 9 | ବିଷୟ: English

୧. ଅଧ୍ୟାୟର ସାରାଂଶ ଓ ମାଇଣ୍ଡ ମ୍ୟାପ୍ (Mind Map & Conceptual Architecture)

୧.୧. ଅଧ୍ୟାୟର ସାରାଂଶ (Deep Summary)

The poem "Alexander Selkirk" by William Cowper is a poignant reflection on the profound loneliness and despair experienced by a man marooned on a desolate island. Inspired by the true story of Alexander Selkirk, a Scottish sailor who was stranded on an uninhabited island for over four years, the poem delves into the psychological impact of extreme isolation.

Initially, Selkirk declares himself the "monarch" of all he surveys, asserting his dominion over the fowl and the brute. However, this declaration is quickly undermined by his deep yearning for human connection. He finds no charm in solitude, preferring the "alarms" of human society, even with its troubles, to the "horrible place" of his isolation. He laments being "out of humanity's reach," unable to hear the "sweet music of speech," and even finds his own voice startling. The indifference of the wild animals, who are "unacquainted with man," is shocking to him, highlighting his alienation.

Selkirk reflects on "Society, friendship, and love" as divine gifts, wishing for the wings of a dove to escape his predicament and rejoin mankind. He believes that among people, he could assuage his sorrows through religion, truth, wisdom, and the cheerfulness of youth. He appeals to the winds to carry news from his homeland and to confirm if his friends still remember him.

The poem beautifully captures the mind's ability to travel instantly to one's native land, only for the harsh reality of his situation to pull him back into despair. Despite the natural world finding rest, Selkirk remains restless. In the end, he attempts to reconcile himself to his fate, finding a glimmer of "mercy" even in his affliction, but the overwhelming theme remains his profound longing for human companionship and the agony of his solitude.

୧.୨. ମୁଖିଆ ଉଦ୍ଦେଶ୍ୟ (Core Objectives)

To understand the theme of loneliness and the human need for companionship.

To appreciate William Cowper's poetic style and use of imagery.

To analyze the psychological state of a person in extreme isolation.

To learn new vocabulary and poetic expressions.

To connect the poem to the historical figure of Alexander Selkirk.

To develop critical thinking skills through comprehension and appreciation questions.

୧.୩. ଧାରଣାଗତ ମାଇଣ୍ଡ ମ୍ୟାପ୍ (Conceptual Mind Map)

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Alexander Selkirk (Poem)

Theme: Loneliness & Isolation Protagonist: Alexander Selkirk

Key Emotions: His Situation:

Despair - Marooned on a desolate island

Yearning for human connection - "Monarch" of nature (ironic)

Sadness - Out of humanity's reach

Frustration - No human speech

Hope (briefly, then despair) - Animals indifferent

Contrast: Longing For:

Solitude vs. Society - Society, friendship, love

Nature's peace vs. Selkirk's unrest - News from home

"Monarch" status vs. actual helplessness - Wings of a dove (escape)

Literary Devices: Impact of Isolation:

Imagery (desolate shore, sweet music of speech) - Finds no charm in solitude

Metaphor ("monarch," "horrible place") - Prefers "alarms" to reign

Personification (winds as "sport") - Startled by his own voice

Allusion (Alexander Selkirk's story) - Mind travels home, then despair

Rhetorical questions (O Solitude! where are the charms?) - Shocked by animal tameness

Resolution/Acceptance: Poet: William Cowper

Reconciles man to his lot (finding mercy in affliction) - Reflects freedom of spirit

Still deeply lonely - Based on true story

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୨. ମୁଖ୍ୟ ବିଷୟବସ୍ତୁ, ସିଦ୍ଧାନ୍ତ ଓ ଗାଣିତିକ ସୂତ୍ରାବଳୀ (Comprehensive Theory & Formulas)

୨.୧. ପାଠ୍ୟପୁସ୍ତକର ବିଷୟବସ୍ତୁର ବିସ୍ତୃତ ବିଶ୍ଳେଷଣ (Detailed Analysis of the Textbook Content)

The poem "Alexander Selkirk" is a lyrical expression of profound loneliness and the inherent human need for social interaction. It is written in the first person, allowing the reader to deeply empathize with Selkirk's plight.

Stanza 1:

"I AM monarch of all I survey,

My right there is none to dispute,

From the centre all round to the sea

I am lord of the fowl and the brute."

Analysis: Selkirk begins by asserting his absolute control over the island. He is the "monarch," the supreme ruler, with no one to challenge his authority. He commands the birds ("fowl") and the wild animals ("brute"). This opening establishes his physical dominance but immediately sets up an ironic contrast with his emotional state. He is a king without subjects, a ruler without a kingdom that truly matters to him. The capitalization of "AM" emphasizes his self-proclaimed status, which is soon revealed to be a source of misery rather than pride.

Stanza 2:

"O Solitude! where are the charms

That sages have seen in thy face ?

Better dwell in the midst of alarms

Than reign in this horrible place."

Analysis: Here, Selkirk directly addresses solitude, questioning its supposed charms that wise men ("sages") often praise. He finds no beauty or peace in it. Instead, he declares that it would be better to live amidst the troubles and dangers ("alarms") of human society than to rule alone in this "horrible place." This stanza powerfully conveys his rejection of isolation and his preference for human interaction, even if it comes with difficulties.

Stanza 3:

"I am out of humanity's reach,

I must finish my journey alone,

Never hear the sweet music of speech;

I start at the sound of my own."

Analysis: This stanza emphasizes his complete separation from mankind. He is beyond the reach of any human contact and must face life's journey by himself. The absence of "sweet music of speech" highlights his deprivation of human communication, which is a fundamental aspect of human existence. The most striking line is his reaction to his own voice: "I start at the sound of my own." This shows the extent of his isolation; his own voice, a part of himself, has become alien and frightening due due to the prolonged silence.

Stanza 4:

"The beasts that roam over the plain

My form with indifference see;

They are so unacquainted with man,

Their tameness is shocking to me."

Analysis: Selkirk observes the animals on the island. They see him without fear or recognition, treating him with "indifference." This is because they are "unacquainted with man," meaning they have never encountered a human before and thus do not perceive him as a threat. Their "tameness" – their lack of fear – is "shocking" to Selkirk. This is a profound moment of alienation; even the animals, over whom he claims dominion, do not acknowledge him in a human way. Their lack of fear underscores his utter insignificance in their world, further deepening his loneliness.

Stanza 5:

"Society, friendship, and love

Divinely bestow'd upon man,

O had I the wings of a dove

How soon would I taste you again !"

Analysis: Selkirk now reflects on what he has lost. He recognizes "Society, friendship, and love" as divine gifts, essential blessings bestowed by God upon humanity. His longing is so intense that he wishes for the "wings of a dove" – a symbol of peace and freedom – to fly away from his island and experience these precious human connections once more. The exclamation mark conveys the depth of his desire.

Stanza 6:

"My sorrows I then might assuage

In the ways of religion and truth,

Might learn from the wisdom of age,

And be cheer'd by the sallies of youth."

Analysis: He imagines the solace he would find if he were back among people. His grief ("sorrows") could be eased ("assuage") through spiritual comfort ("religion and truth"). He could gain knowledge and perspective from the elderly ("wisdom of age") and find joy and liveliness ("cheer'd by the sallies of youth") from the young. This stanza paints a picture of the rich tapestry of human life and interaction that he is missing.

Stanza 7:

"Ye winds that have made me your sport,

Convey to this desolate shore

Some cordial endearing report

Of a land I shall visit no more;

My friends, do they now and then send

A wish or a thought after me?

O tell me I yet have a friend,

Though a friend I am never to see."

Analysis: Selkirk personifies the winds, addressing them as entities that have played with his fate ("made me your sport"). He pleads with them to bring him some comforting news ("cordial endearing report") from his homeland, a place he fears he will never see again. His deepest concern is whether his friends still remember him, sending "a wish or a thought." He desperately seeks reassurance that he still has a friend, even if he can never meet them again. This highlights the enduring power of human bonds, even across vast distances and time.

Stanza 8:

"How fleet is a glance of the mind !

Compared with the speed of its flight,

The tempest itself lags behind,

And the swift-winged arrows of light.

When I think of my own native land

In a moment I seem to be there;

But, alas! recollection at hand

Soon hurries me back to despair."

Analysis: This stanza beautifully describes the power of thought and memory. The mind's ability to travel is incredibly fast ("fleet"), surpassing even the speed of a storm ("tempest") or light. When Selkirk thinks of his homeland, he feels as if he is instantly transported there. However, this mental escape is fleeting. The harsh reality of his situation ("recollection at hand") quickly brings him back to his desolate present, plunging him back into "despair." This illustrates the cruel cycle of hope and disappointment in his isolated existence.

Stanza 9:

"But the seafowl is gone to her nest

The beast is laid down in his lair;

Even here is a season of rest,

And I to my cabin repair.

There is mercy in every place,

And mercy, encouraging thought !

Gives even affliction a grace

And reconciles man to his lot."

Analysis: In the final stanza, Selkirk observes the natural world around him. The birds and beasts find rest in their natural habitats. He, too, retreats to his "cabin." He then reflects on the idea that "mercy" exists everywhere, even in his harsh environment. This thought is "encouraging" because it suggests that even suffering ("affliction") can be given a certain dignity or purpose ("grace") and help a person come to terms with their destiny ("reconciles man to his lot"). This ending offers a glimmer of acceptance, though it doesn't diminish the underlying sadness of his situation. He finds a way to cope, but the longing for human connection remains.

୨.୨. କବିଙ୍କ ବିଷୟରେ (About the Poet): William Cowper

William Cowper (1731 AD to 1800 AD) was an English poet and hymnodist. He was born at Great Berkhampstead, in Hertfordshire, where his father was a rector. His poems were published late in life. He is known for his simple, direct, and often melancholic style. The poem "Alexander Selkirk" is one of his well-known miscellaneous short poems, reflecting the freedom of the human spirit even in the face of extreme loneliness. Cowper himself struggled with periods of depression and mental illness, which might have contributed to his ability to portray such deep emotional states.

୨.୩. ଶବ୍ଦାର୍ଥ ଓ ଟିପ୍ପଣୀ (Glossary and Notes)

I AM: Here 'AM' is written in capital letters to emphasize the poet's feeling of confidence in his new role as the sole monarch of the lonely island.

monarch (N): Supreme ruler.

dispute (V): Argue or quarrel.

brute (N): Animal or a beast.

solitude (N): Being without companion (here) a lonely place.

thy: An old-fashioned, poetic or religious word for 'your'.

bestow (V): Give as an offering.

assuage (V): Make suffering less painful.

sallies (N): Lively or humorous remarks.

desolate (Adj): Barren land, ruined or isolated.

sea Fowl (N): Sea bird, one of the larger water birds.

lair (N): Wild animals' resting place or den.

affliction (N): Suffering or distress.

reconcile (V): Bring into harmony.

after: (here) refers to the thought about the poet.

୩. ପାଠ୍ୟପୁସ୍ତକ ଅଭ୍ୟାସ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନାବଳୀର ୧୦୦% ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ସମାଧାନ (100% Complete Solved Exercises)

E. Let's understand the poem:

(a) Comprehension Questions for discussion

Q1. Who does 'I' refer to?

Ans: 'I' refers to Alexander Selkirk, the speaker of the poem, who is marooned on a lonely island.

Q2. Who is the monarch here?

Ans: Alexander Selkirk is the self-proclaimed monarch here, as he is the sole human inhabitant and ruler of the island.

Q3. Who did find charm in solitude?

Ans: The poem states that "sages" (wise men) are believed to have found charm in solitude, but Selkirk himself finds none.

Q4. Why were the beasts unfamiliar with Selkirk?

Ans: The beasts were unfamiliar with Selkirk because they were "unacquainted with man." This means they had never encountered a human before, so they did not recognize him as a threat or a fellow being.

Q5. What did Selkirk appeal to the wind?

Ans: Selkirk appealed to the wind to convey some "cordial endearing report" (comforting news) from his homeland and to tell him if his friends still remembered him or sent a wish or thought after him.

Q6. Which lines in the poem suggest that the island is a no man's island?

Ans: The lines that suggest the island is a no man's island are:

"I am out of humanity's reach," (Stanza 3)

"The beasts that roam over the plain / My form with indifference see; / They are so unacquainted with man," (Stanza 4)

These lines clearly indicate the absence of human habitation and interaction.

Q7. What is the meaning of the line – “They are so unacquainted with man" in stanza - 2?

Ans: The line "They are so unacquainted with man" (which is actually in Stanza 4, not Stanza 2) means that the wild animals on the island have never had any contact or experience with human beings. Therefore, they do not recognize Selkirk as a human, nor do they perceive him as a threat, leading to their indifference and tameness towards him.

Q8. What hurried Selkirk back to despair?

Ans: Selkirk's "recollection at hand" (the harsh reality of his present situation on the desolate island) hurried him back to despair after his mind had briefly transported him to his native land.

Q9. What did Selkirk want to do when evening approached?

Ans: The poem does not explicitly state what Selkirk wanted to do when evening approached. However, in the last stanza, he mentions, "Even here is a season of rest, / And I to my cabin repair," suggesting that as the day ends, he retreats to his shelter like the animals.

Q10. Can you choose an alternative title for the poem?

Ans: Possible alternative titles for the poem could be:

The Agony of Solitude

A Lonely Monarch

The Marooned Sailor's Lament

Yearning for Humanity

(b) Choosing the appropriate answers:

Q1. The poem is about the plight of a person named ________.

(a) Shakespeare

(b) William Cowper

(d) William Wordsworth

Ans: (c) Alexander Selkirk

Q2. I am ________ of all I survey.

(a) King

(b) Emperor

(d) Monarch.

Ans: (d) Monarch.

Q3. The beasts ________ over the plain.

(a) run

(b) walk

(d) roam

Ans: (d) roam

Q4. O had I the wings of a ________ How soon would I taste you again.

(a) crow

(b) dove

(d) fowl

Ans: (b) dove

Q5. The ________ itself lags behind, And the swift winged arrows of light.

(a) tempest

(b) cyclone

(d) wind

Ans: (a) tempest

Q6. But the ________ is gone to her nest.

(a) sea horse

(b) sea fowl

(d) Sea snake

Ans: (b) sea fowl

F. Let's appreciate the poem:

Q1. What did the poet survey?

Ans: The poet (speaking through Selkirk) surveyed the entire island, from its center all around to the sea, over which he claimed to be the monarch.

Q2. Why did the poet remember the sages?

Ans: The poet remembered the sages because they were known to have found charm and wisdom in solitude. Selkirk, however, found no such charm in his own isolated situation and questioned their perspective.

Q3. How does the poet describe the island in the second stanza?

Ans: In the second stanza, the poet describes the island as a "horrible place," indicating his deep aversion to his isolated existence there.

Q4. What are the divine qualities bestowed upon man?

Ans: According to the poem, "Society, friendship, and love" are the divine qualities bestowed upon man.

Q5. Why does the poet like the wisdom of age?

Ans: The poet likes the wisdom of age because he believes that if he were among people, he "Might learn from the wisdom of age," implying that it would help him assuage his sorrows and provide guidance or perspective.

Q6. What is the poet's prayer to the 'winds'?

Ans: The poet's prayer to the 'winds' is to convey some comforting news ("cordial endearing report") from his homeland to his desolate shore. He also asks them to tell him if his friends still remember him or send a wish or thought after him, seeking reassurance of his continued connection to humanity.

Q7. Why does the poet say that “the tempest itself lags behind"?

Ans: The poet says that "the tempest itself lags behind" to emphasize the incredible speed and agility of the human mind. He means that the mind's ability to travel through thoughts and memories is far swifter than even the fastest natural phenomena like a storm or the swift-winged arrows of light.

G. Let's Speak:

(a) Role-play the following a dialogue.

Ans: This is an activity designed for students to practice speaking and role-playing. It encourages them to embody the characters of Selkirk and the Beast and express their perspectives on loneliness and connection. Students should perform this dialogue in pairs.

H. Let's Write:

Words having sameness of sound of the endings of two or more words are rhyming words. In this poem the words like 'face' and 'place' are rhyming words. Find out at least six pairs of such words from the poem.

Ans: Here are at least six pairs of rhyming words from the poem:

1. survey / sea

2. dispute / brute

3. charms / alarms

4. reach / speech

5. alone / own

6. plain / man

7. see / me

8. love / dove

9. assuage / age

10. truth / youth

11. sport / report

12. shore / more

13. send / friend

14. mind / behind

15. flight / light

16. land / hand

17. there / despair

18. nest / rest

19. lair / repair

20. place / grace

21. thought / lot

Writing task:

This poem is about a sailor named Alexander Selkirk. He swam to a lonely island after a ship wreck. That was a no man's island. Only beasts and birds lived there.

Think yourself as Selkirk and write in about ten lines describing your feeling of loneliness.

Ans:

Here I am, the monarch of this barren land, yet my heart aches with an unbearable solitude. Day after day, the vast ocean stretches before me, a cruel barrier separating me from all I hold dear. The silence is deafening, broken only by the cries of the fowl and the rustling of beasts, who see me with indifferent eyes, knowing nothing of man. Oh, for the sweet music of human speech, a friendly voice, a familiar face! My own voice startles me now, a stranger in this desolate realm. My mind races home, picturing loved ones, only to be cruelly snatched back to this horrible place. Society, friendship, and love – divine gifts I once took for granted – now feel like distant dreams. I yearn for a single soul, a connection, a sign that I am not utterly forgotten. This island is my kingdom, but it is a prison of the spirit.

୪. ବୋର୍ଡ ପରୀକ୍ଷା ମାଷ୍ଟ୍ରି ଟିପ୍ସ ଓ ସାଧାରଣ ଭୁଲ୍ (Board Exam Tips & Pitfalls)

୪.୧. ପରୀକ୍ଷା ପ୍ରସ୍ତୁତି ରଣନୀତି (Exam Preparation Strategies)

କବିତାର ଗଭୀର ଅନୁଧ୍ୟାନ (Deep Poem Analysis): ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ପଦ (stanza) କୁ ଭଲ ଭାବରେ ପଢ଼ନ୍ତୁ ଏବଂ ଏହାର ଅର୍ଥ, ଭାବନା ଓ କବିଙ୍କ ଉଦ୍ଦେଶ୍ୟକୁ ବୁଝିବାକୁ ଚେଷ୍ଟା କରନ୍ତୁ। କବିତାଟି କାହିଁକି ଲେଖାଯାଇଛି ଏବଂ ଏହା କେଉଁ ବାର୍ତ୍ତା ଦେଉଛି, ତାହା ଜାଣିବା ଜରୁରୀ।

ଶବ୍ଦାର୍ଥ ଓ ଟିପ୍ପଣୀ (Vocabulary & Glossary): ପାଠ୍ୟପୁସ୍ତକରେ ଦିଆଯାଇଥିବା ସମସ୍ତ ଶବ୍ଦାର୍ଥକୁ ମନେ ରଖନ୍ତୁ। ଏହା ଆପଣଙ୍କୁ କବିତାକୁ ଭଲ ଭାବରେ ବୁଝିବାରେ ସାହାଯ୍ୟ କରିବ ଏବଂ ଉତ୍ତର ଲେଖିବା ସମୟରେ ସଠିକ୍ ଶବ୍ଦ ବ୍ୟବହାର କରିପାରିବେ।

କବିଙ୍କ ବିଷୟରେ ଜ୍ଞାନ (Knowledge about the Poet): କବି William Cowper ଙ୍କ ବିଷୟରେ ଦିଆଯାଇଥିବା ସୂଚନାକୁ ମନେ ରଖନ୍ତୁ। ଏହା କବିତାକୁ ଆହୁରି ଭଲ ଭାବରେ ବୁଝିବାରେ ସାହାଯ୍ୟ କରିବ।

ମୁଖ୍ୟ ବିଷୟବସ୍ତୁ ଚିହ୍ନଟ (Identify Main Themes): କବିତାର ମୁଖ୍ୟ ବିଷୟବସ୍ତୁ ଯେପରିକି ଏକାକୀତ୍ୱ, ମାନବ ସମ୍ପର୍କର ଆବଶ୍ୟକତା, ପ୍ରକୃତି ସହିତ ସମ୍ପର୍କ ଇତ୍ୟାଦିକୁ ଚିହ୍ନଟ କରନ୍ତୁ।

ଅଭ୍ୟାସ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନାବଳୀର ସମାଧାନ (Solve Exercise Questions): ପାଠ୍ୟପୁସ୍ତକର ସମସ୍ତ ଅଭ୍ୟାସ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନର ଉତ୍ତର ନିଜେ ଲେଖିବାକୁ ଚେଷ୍ଟା କରନ୍ତୁ। ଏହା ଆପଣଙ୍କର ବୁଝାମଣାକୁ ଦୃଢ଼ କରିବ।

ଉତ୍ତର ଲେଖିବାର ଅଭ୍ୟାସ (Practice Answer Writing): କବିତା ଆଧାରିତ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନଗୁଡ଼ିକର ଉତ୍ତର କିପରି ସ୍ପଷ୍ଟ, ସଠିକ୍ ଏବଂ ସଂକ୍ଷିପ୍ତ ଭାବରେ ଲେଖାଯିବ, ତାହାର ଅଭ୍ୟାସ କରନ୍ତୁ।

୪.୨. ୧୦୦/୧୦୦ ସ୍କୋରିଂ ରହସ୍ୟ (100/100 Scoring Secrets)

ସଠିକ୍ ଏବଂ ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ଉତ୍ତର (Accurate and Complete Answers): ପ୍ରଶ୍ନର ସଠିକ୍ ଏବଂ ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ଉତ୍ତର ଲେଖନ୍ତୁ। କୌଣସି ଗୁରୁତ୍ୱପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ବିନ୍ଦୁ ଛାଡ଼ନ୍ତୁ ନାହିଁ।

କବିତାରୁ ଉଦ୍ଧୃତି (Quoting from the Poem): ଯେଉଁଠାରେ ଆବଶ୍ୟକ, କବିତାରୁ ସିଧାସଳଖ ଧାଡ଼ି ଉଦ୍ଧୃତ କରନ୍ତୁ। ଏହା ଆପଣଙ୍କ ଉତ୍ତରକୁ ଅଧିକ ପ୍ରାମାଣିକ କରିବ।

ଭାଷାର ସ୍ପଷ୍ଟତା (Clarity of Language): ସରଳ ଏବଂ ସ୍ପଷ୍ଟ ଭାଷାରେ ଉତ୍ତର ଲେଖନ୍ତୁ। ବ୍ୟାକରଣଗତ ତ୍ରୁଟିରୁ ଦୂରେଇ ରୁହନ୍ତୁ।

ସମୟ ପରିଚାଳନା (Time Management): ପରୀକ୍ଷାରେ ସମୟକୁ ଠିକ୍ ଭାବରେ ପରିଚାଳନା କରନ୍ତୁ ଯାହାଫଳରେ ସମସ୍ତ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନର ଉତ୍ତର ଦେଇପାରିବେ।

ପୁନରାବୃତ୍ତି ଏଡ଼ାନ୍ତୁ (Avoid Repetition): ଉତ୍ତରରେ ଅଯଥା ପୁନରାବୃତ୍ତିରୁ ଦୂରେଇ ରୁହନ୍ତୁ।

୪.୩. ସାଧାରଣ ଭୁଲ୍ (Common Student Errors)

କବିତାର ଭାବନାକୁ ଭୁଲ୍ ବୁଝିବା (Misinterpreting the Poem's Mood): କେତେକ ଛାତ୍ରଛାତ୍ରୀ କବିତାର ଗଭୀର ଭାବନାକୁ ବୁଝିବାରେ ଭୁଲ୍ କରନ୍ତି, ଯେପରିକି Selkirk ର ଏକାକୀତ୍ୱକୁ ସ୍ୱାଧୀନତା ଭାବିବା।

ଶବ୍ଦାର୍ଥ ଜାଣି ନ ଥିବା (Lack of Vocabulary Knowledge): କବିତାରେ ବ୍ୟବହୃତ କଠିନ ଶବ୍ଦଗୁଡ଼ିକର ଅର୍ଥ ନ ଜାଣିବା ହେତୁ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନର ଉତ୍ତର ଦେବାରେ ଅସୁବିଧା ହୁଏ।

ପ୍ରଶ୍ନକୁ ଭଲ ଭାବରେ ନ ପଢ଼ିବା (Not Reading Questions Carefully): ପ୍ରଶ୍ନକୁ ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ଭାବରେ ନ ପଢ଼ି ଉତ୍ତର ଲେଖିବା ଦ୍ୱାରା ଭୁଲ୍ ଉତ୍ତର ଦିଆଯାଇପାରେ।

ବ୍ୟାକରଣଗତ ତ୍ରୁଟି (Grammatical Errors): ଇଂରାଜୀରେ ଉତ୍ତର ଲେଖିବା ସମୟରେ ବ୍ୟାକରଣଗତ ତ୍ରୁଟି ମାର୍କ କମାଇପାରେ।

ଅସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ଉତ୍ତର (Incomplete Answers): ପ୍ରଶ୍ନର ସମସ୍ତ ଅଂଶକୁ ସମ୍ବୋଧିତ ନ କରି ଅସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ଉତ୍ତର ଲେଖିବା।

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(ନୋଟ୍ସ ପ୍ରସ୍ତୁତି: ଉତ୍କଳ ସ୍କିଲ୍ ସେଣ୍ଟର - BSE Odisha 100% Full Textbook Master Edition)

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